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Moderate 58 Bitcoin

release 3.1.0

Public commit record

What the developer wrote

Authored by Soralit

28/100 · Opaque
release 3.1.0
✓ Subject identifies a change! No meaningful explanatory body! Opaque security-relevant change
The short version

What changed, and why it matters

This is a large firmware release commit (version 3.1.0) for the Keystone 3 hardware wallet. The most significant change visible in the diff is a major upgrade of the FreeRTOS real-time operating system kernel from version 10.x to 11.3.0, combined with enabling the ARM Cortex-M4 Memory Protection Unit (MPU) and adding a new 'MPU sandbox' subsystem. The changelog describes these as 'enhanced security policies' and 'optimized USB functionality,' but the commit itself does not disclose a specific vulnerability or credit an external researcher. Because the patch is enormous (300 files, tens of thousands of changed lines) and only a small portion of the diff is available, it is impossible to tell from this material alone whether the changes fix a known security flaw or simply harden the architecture. The security relevance is therefore plausible but unverified.

Recommended action

Treat this release as a security-relevant firmware update. Users with Keystone 3 devices should install version 3.1.0 once it is officially released and verify the firmware hash against the vendor's published value. Developers and security reviewers should focus audit effort on the new MPU sandbox boundary, the USB/WebUSB protocol changes, and the transaction-parser changes for IOTA, ADA, SOL, and ETH, because these are the areas most likely to contain fixed vulnerabilities or newly introduced bugs. Request the vendor's release notes or security advisory for confirmation of whether this release addresses any CVEs.

Security signals we found

01

FreeRTOS major version upgrade (10.x → 11.3.0) with MPU port enabled

02

New MPU sandbox task/runtime/validator files added

03

configENFORCE_SYSTEM_CALLS_FROM_KERNEL_ONLY=1 and configALLOW_UNPRIVILEGED_CRITICAL_SECTIONS=0 set

04

Build now invokes check_mpu_sandbox_elf.py on the linked firmware ELF

05

Changelog mentions 'Enhanced security policies' and 'Optimized USB functionality'

06

Large number of application-level Rust/C changes (IOTA, Cardano/ADA, Solana, Ethereum, etc.) that could affect transaction parsing and signing

Risk score

Why this scored 58/100

Our methodology →
Potential impact 18/30
Exploitability 12/25
Stealth signal 8/15
Affected reach 12/15
Confidence 5/10
Evidence quality 3/5
Human-validated context

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