test: add functional test for `TestShell` (matching doc example)

diff --git a/test/functional/feature_framework_testshell.py b/test/functional/feature_framework_testshell.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..cb39d9d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/functional/feature_framework_testshell.py
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright (c) The Bitcoin Core developers
+# Distributed under the MIT software license, see the accompanying
+# file COPYING or http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php.
+"""Tests for the `TestShell` submodule."""
+
+from decimal import Decimal
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# Note that we need to import from functional test framework modules
+# *after* extending the Python path via sys.path.insert(0, ...) below,
+# in order to work with the full symlinked (unresolved) path within the
+# build directory (usually ./build/test/functional).
+
+
+# Test matching the minimal example from the documentation. Should be kept
+# in sync with the interactive shell instructions ('>>> ') in test-shell.md.
+def run_testshell_doc_example(functional_tests_dir):
+    import sys
+    sys.path.insert(0, functional_tests_dir)
+    from test_framework.test_shell import TestShell
+    from test_framework.util import assert_equal
+
+    test = TestShell().setup(num_nodes=2, setup_clean_chain=True)
+    try:
+        assert test is not None
+        test2 = TestShell().setup()
+        assert test2 is None  # TODO: check for "TestShell is already running!" output to stdout
+        assert_equal(test.nodes[0].getblockchaininfo()["blocks"], 0)
+        if test.is_wallet_compiled():
+            res = test.nodes[0].createwallet('default')
+            assert_equal(res, {'name': 'default'})
+            address = test.nodes[0].getnewaddress()
+            res = test.generatetoaddress(test.nodes[0], 101, address)
+            assert_equal(len(res), 101)
+            test.sync_blocks()
+            assert_equal(test.nodes[1].getblockchaininfo()["blocks"], 101)
+            assert_equal(test.nodes[0].getbalance(), Decimal('50.0'))
+            test.nodes[0].log.info("Successfully mined regtest chain!")
+    finally:
+        test.shutdown()
+        test.reset()
+        assert test.num_nodes is None
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    run_testshell_doc_example(str(Path(__file__).parent))
diff --git a/test/functional/test_runner.py b/test/functional/test_runner.py
index 5e820e43..008ec7b5 100755
--- a/test/functional/test_runner.py
+++ b/test/functional/test_runner.py
@@ -360,6 +360,7 @@ BASE_SCRIPTS = [
     'rpc_getdescriptorinfo.py',
     'rpc_mempool_info.py',
     'rpc_help.py',
+    'feature_framework_testshell.py',
     'tool_rpcauth.py',
     'p2p_handshake.py',
     'p2p_handshake.py --v2transport',